Air (aerostatic) bearings are cleaner and faster; liquid hydrostatic bearings carry more load, stiffer and damp vibration better. The right choice depends on load, stiffness, and contamination risk.
Оба не касаются поверхности. Различаются оптимизацией.
Сжатый воздух — чисто, мало нагрева, высокая скорость. Минусы: меньше нагрузка и жёсткость, риск 'воздушного молотка'.
Несёт большие нагрузки, жёсткость 5–10×, демпфирование вибраций маслом.
Воздух — для чистых скоростных лёгких задач. Гидростатика — для тяжёлых, жёстких, точных.
Cả hai đều không chạm. Khác nhau ở tối ưu.
Khí nén sạch, ít nóng, tốc cao. Yếu: tải và cứng thấp, rủi ro 'búa khí'.
Chịu tải lớn, cứng 5–10×, giảm chấn rung bằng dầu.
Khí cho sạch nhẹ tốc cao. Thủy tĩnh cho nặng, cứng, chính xác.
Les deux ne touchent pas. Ils diffèrent par l'optimisation.
Air comprimé—très propre, peu de chaleur, haute vitesse. Faibles: moins de charge et raideur, risque de 'marteau pneumatique'.
Porte de lourdes charges, raideur 5–10×, amortissement par l'huile.
Air pour propre, rapide, léger. Hydrostatique pour lourd, rigide, précis.
Beide berühren nicht. Sie unterscheiden sich in der Optimierung.
Druckluft—sehr sauber, wenig Erwärmung, hohe Drehzahl. Schwach: weniger Last und Steifigkeit, 'Luftpoltern'-Risiko.
Trägt viel Last, 5–10× Steifigkeit, starke Dämpfung durch Öl.
Luft für saubere, schnelle, leichte Aufgaben. Hydrostatik für schwere, steife, genaue.
Both hydrostatic (liquid) and aerostatic (air) bearings float the moving part without contact, avoiding wear. They differ sharply in what they optimize.
Aerostatic bearings use compressed air—exceptionally clean, almost no temperature rise, and capable of very high speed. Their weaknesses are lower load capacity and stiffness, plus a risk of 'air-hammer' instability under certain conditions.
Liquid hydrostatic bearings carry far higher loads, deliver 5–10× rolling-bearing stiffness (above 500 N/μm), and damp vibration strongly thanks to the oil film. They suit heavy, precise, vibration-sensitive work.
Choose air bearings for ultra-clean, high-speed, light-load duties (e.g., some metrology). Choose hydrostatic for heavy, stiff, accurate, vibration-damped duties—grinding, turning, rotary tables, and precision gear cutting.
